Calculating-machine.



P. L. SOBEL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1. 1916.

1,264,701. Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION ELLED .A'Pnfl, 191a.

Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

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PJL. SOBEL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1. 1916. l,264,701. Patented Apr. 30,1918.

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P. L. SOBEL. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I. 1916.

Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

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P. L. SOBEL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1, 19I6.

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CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FIILED APR.I.1916.

.1 ,264,701 Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

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attoameq PHILIP L. SOIBEL, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

cnrcunn'rme-mnonmn Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 30, 1%18.

Application filed April 1, 1916. Serial at. 88,281.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP L. SOBEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements inCalculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to calculating machines, and has for its objectto provide a machine for automatically registering munbers or figures.

Another object of the invention is-to provide a machine forautomatically performing multiplication and other arithmetical problems.

A-further object resides in a machine of the above character wherein themechanism for performing the various functions assigned to the'device,is thrown into operation by a single movement of an operating lever,thus eliminating the necessity of using spring or electrical motors andrendering the machine capable of operation under all conditions.

A still further object is to provide a calculating machine with aplurality of plunger keys, which operate in conjunction with a series ofcontrolling cylinders and coacting finger bars, number recordingmechanism being associated with said cylinders and finger bars andadapted for operation upon movement of the latter.

A further objectis to constructa calculating machine of mechanismcharacterized by compact and durable construction and of positive andeiiicient operating qualities.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified in the construction herein described and the scope of theapplication of which will be indicated in the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawing,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the calculating machine comprising thepresent invention,

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional "view taken approximately onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1, illustrating the mechanism of the multiplierselective means,

Fig. 3 is a similar view on. the line 3 3 of F igf 1, disclosing theselective mechanism of the multiplicand,

Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view on the line H of Fig.1,

Fig. 5 is a detail horizontal sectional view, illustrating a portion ofthe number registering mechanism,

Fig. 6 is a detail vertical section taken through the registeringmechanism on the line 66 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 8 is a detail vertical sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig.5

Fig. 9 is a perspective view oi the shifting lever utilized in thenumber recording mechanism and forming a part of the carrying overdevice,

Fig. 10 is an elevation of the shifting disks, m

Fig. 11 is an elevation of a dial actuating gear,

Fig. 12 is a detail perspective View of a finger bar and the cooperatingtoothed rack thereon,

Fig. 13 is a similar view of a similar shifting carriage or bar,

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of one of the actuating keys,

Fig. 15 is a similar View of the key locks P a l Fig. 16 is a detailview of the lever actuating segment, and the stepped operating slidethereon,

Fig. 17 is a detail view of the releasing lever,

Fig. 18 is a detail view of the lever controlling element Fig. 19 is adiagrammatic blank view of the toothed cylinder, illustrating therelative positions of the stop lugs or teeth formed thereon, I

Fig. 20 represents a plurality of transverse sectional views, takenthrough one of the toothed cylinders and illustrating, in section, therelative position of the entire number of stop teeth formed thereon,

Fig. 21 is an enlarged transverse section of the toothed cylinders,further disclosing the relative positions of the stop teeth,

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary perspective vie of, the toothed cylinder,

Fig. 23 illustrates a series of transverse. sectional views disclosingthe respective positions and construction of the recorder operatinggears formed on the toothed cylinders,

Fig. 24; is a detail vertical sectional view.

of the means for synchronously rotating the tooth cylinders, and Fig, 25is a detail perspective view of the locking lever controlling hnkSimilar characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughoutall the views of the drawings.

Referring to the details of construction of the present invention, thenumeral 5 indicates a suitable form of casing for inclosing andsupporting the actuating mechanism of the device. This casin preferablyconsists of the relatively solid ase 6, and a lighter metallic top 7,the base being provided with supporting butler members, designed to prevent the casing from marring or scratching a support upon which themachine is positioned. The interior of the casing is preferably dividedinto compartments 8 and 9 for the reception of, what will be termed forpurposes of description, a selective multilier and mnltiplicandmechanism, respecively, I

The multiplier mechanism in its preferred form consists of a pluralityof spring pressed lun r keys '10, consisting of nine keys cach'of whichbeing plainly marked in numerical succession, by numerals ranging from'1 to 9. A tenth key 10 is utilized to restore the numeral keys to anormally elevated position, when the latter have been depressed, for apurpose to be presently disclosed. The keys are mounted for verticalmovement in alining openings 11 formed in the top 7 and in a supportingbracket 12, secured to and depending from said top, the keys beingnormally maintained in an elevated position by the action of coiledhelical springs 13, which are confined between the brackets 12 and thestop pins 14, formed with the keys, the springs normally surrounding thekeys 10. By this construction the keys will be held elevated and theupward movement thereof will be limited by the engagement of pins 1 1with the under Surface of the top 7. The lower extremities of the keysbelow the bracket 12 are formed with bevhled faces 15, and with notches16, the latter bein adapted to cooperate with a sliding angufir plate 17mounted on the bracket 12. The plate 17 is provided with elongated slots18, for the reception of studs project-in from the bracket 12, the studsbeing use to support the plate and the slots 18 permit the latter tomove longitudinally with respect to the stationary bracket 12-. Thelower portionl of the plate 17 is provided with a series of recesses 20formed in alinement with the keys 10, and in which are normallypositioned beveled extremities 15, of each of the latter. One edgeofeach recase 220 is normally pressed against the beveled face '15 ofeach of the keys 10 by the action of a coiled spring 21, the latterbeweaver.

ing secured to the bracket 12 and to the movable plate 17 By thisconstruction the keys 10 may be locked in a lowered or active position,as when a lie is dePI'BSSed the plate 17 will be moved orwardly by theaction of the beveled faces 15, until the key has a notch 16 therein ina position alining with the plate 17. When the ke reaches its loweredposition the plate 1 willbe forced into engagement with the walls ofsaid notch, due to the action of the spring 21, thereby locking the keyagainst possible further movement in either direction.

In order to release the locked key, so that it may assume an elevatedposition, the key 1.0 is merely provided with a beveled face, the notch16 as formed in the keys 10, having been eliminated so that when thesame is depressed the plate 17 will be moved to a positionv clear of thenotch 16 of the lowered key, thereby permitting the latter to regain anelevated position by'the action of the coiled spring 13. The object indepressing the keys 10 will be disclosed in the immediate followingdescription.

Positioned in vertical alinement with the keys 10, at a point beneaththe same, is a sliding bar 22, which is movably positioned upon thehorizontally extending rod 23, secured to and extending transversely ofthe casing 5. The upper edge of the bar or car riage is formed withangular stop projections 24, which are, in number, equal to theaggregate number of the numeral keys 10 and one of said projections isadapted to engage with the lowered extremity of a particular cooperatingkey 10 when the latter is depressed. A coiled spring 25 is connectedwith the sliding bar and with the top 7, the normal tendency of whichresides in exerting a tension to hold the bar forwardly into engagementwith. a depressed key 10. This movement is normally arrested by means ofa pivoted locking lever 26 which is formed with a stud 27 adapted tocontact with a finger 23 depending from the sliding bar 22.

In order to release the sliding bars. to permit the same to moveforwardly. the lever 26 is provided with :1 lug 29, which normallycooperates with a link 30 pivotally connected with an arm 31 of abell-crank lever 32 keyel upon a main operating shaft fine end of theshaft 33 extends exteriorly of the casing and has rotatably securedthereto a manually operated lever 34. provided with a handle 36 on theouter end thereof. Upon revolving the shaft 33 a naeami A second finger37 is formed on the sliding bar, at the extremity opposite the finger28, and said finger or extension protrudes downwardly toward the base 6and is formed with a slot 38, adjacent its lower extremity, for thereception of a stud 39 secured to a stepped plate 40. The plate 40 isslidably mounted upon a lever 41 pivoted as at 42 upon the casing 5 andlocated within the compartment 8. This construction permits the plate 40to be moved laterally in synchronism with the sliding bar 22, but thepivotal movement of said plate will not be transmitted to the bar onaccount of the formation of the slot 38 in the member 37. The extremityof the lever 41, opposite its pivotal point 42, is formed with a curvedrack bar or segment 43 which intermeshes with the pinion -14, secured toa horizontally extending shaft 45, the latter being connected with arecording mechanism, to be presently described. A coiled spring 46 isfastened to the lever ll, and to the casing 5, thus maintaining thelever in a normal elevated position, the upward movement thereof beinglimited by a stop pin 47. Secured to the casing 5 in juxtaposition tothe lever -11, is a pivoted, curvilineal, lever actuating element 48which is pivoted as at 49 to the casing 5 at one extremity thereof andhas the opposite extremity provided with a stud 50. A spring 51maintains the element 48 in an elevated osition and its upper movementis curtailed by a stop pin 52.

Summarizing the operation of the above described parts, that is themechanism positioned with the'compartment 8, a key indicating the numberof the multiplier is deressed, bringing the lower end of the same intothe path of the stop projections formed on the sliding bar 22, the keybeing held in a lowered position by the locking action of the plate 17.The manually operated lever 34 is then oscillated to revolve the shaft33 and its cooperating bell-crank lever 32, in order that the bar may bereleased from its relatively retarded position accomplished y the lever26. This operation is performed by a slight movement of the main lever34. If the key 10 indicating a multiplier 3 has been depressed, the bar22 will move forwardly a predetermined distance until the stopprojection indicated by the numeral 3', contacts with the multiplier key3. This forward movement of the lever 22 results in moving the plate 40a corresponding lateral distanmupon the lever 41. It might be well lostahat this point, that the limited move ment of the bar 22 upon the rod23 is varied in accordance with which of the multiplier keys have beendepressed. As will be observed, this movement gradually increases indirect ratio with the numerical order of the keys 10, that is, if thekey 10 hearing a multiplier numeral 1 is depressed, the movement of thebar 22' is relatively short as the stop projection 1 is but slightlyspaced from the key 1, when the latter is lowered. However. when the key9 is depressed, the movement of the bar 22 reaches its maximum length,due to the distance between said key and the projection 9' of thesliding bar. in other words the movement of the bar 22 increases bysteps from the key 1 to the key 9- for a purpos to be presently setforth.

The regulated movement of the sliding bar 22. as stated above, isdirectly transmitted to the stepped plate 40, which is also moved aregulated distance toward a stud 50 of the element. 48. The continuedforward movement of the lever 34 results in the arm 51 of the bell-cranklever 32 in striking the stud 50 and pressing the latter into one of theshoulders 33 of the plate 40. The shoulder engaged by the stud isregulated in accordance with the multiplier key depressed, in thisinstance, the key 3. However, if the key 9 has been depressed the studwill engage with the shoulder 9* of the plate 40, due to the fact thatthe bar will move a greater distance when the key 9 is actuated than itwill when the key 3 has been lowered.

When the shoulder 9 of the plate 40 is in position for cooperation withthe stud 50 the arms 51 of the bell-crank lever 32 will force the lever41 downwardly through the agency of the stepped plate 40, and theinterposed stud 50. The downward movement of the lever 40 is controlledby the relative positions of the stepped plate 4-0 thereon, as it isevident, that if the shoulder 9* is cooperating with the stud 50, thedownward movement of the lever 40 will exceed the downward movement ofthe latter when said stud is contacting with the shoulder '3". When theplate 40 is in its normal position the rotation of the operating lever34 will have no elfect upon the lever 41 as the arm 51 of the bell-cranklever 32 is out of the path of the stud 50 when the latter reaches alowered position, this being due to the ditference in radii of the arcsupon which the arm 51 and the lever 48 revolve about. The varied loweredpositions of the lever ll are obtained in order that the rack bar willrevolve the pinion H in various degrees of a complete revolution.Briefly stated, by depressing any one of the keys 10, and upon actuatingthe lever 34, the pinion 44 may be rotated in a regulated manner fromone ninth of a complete revolution to any other ninth up to a completerevolution, all of which being accomplished in accordance with the keydepressed. The controlled and regulated rotation of the pinion 4A is theobject of the mechanism located in the compartment 8, as the pinion 44rotates the shaftefi which forms a salient feature of the "recordingmechanism to be hereinafter described.

The compartment 9 has a mechanism comprising the multiplicand structurelocated therein and the latter consists principally of a number ofparallel rows of numerically differing keys 55,- the latter beingsimilar in every respect to the keys 10, and therefore, a detaileddescription of their construction will be omitted. The loweredextremities of the keys 55 are beveled, as are the keys l0, and are alsoformed with looking notches to cooperate with sliding plates 56,designed to perform exactly the same functions as the plate 17. Thesliding bars or carriages 57 are vertically positioned beneath the keys55 and correspond in general construction and operation to the slidingbar 22. The carriages 57 are provided with depending arms 58, whichextend downwardly and engage with a crank arm 59 of a retarding element60, the latter being keyed to the same shaft as the lever 26, so thatwhen the lever rotates, to release the sliding bar 22 oil the multipliermechanism, the sliding bars 57 of the multiplicand structure will bereleased simultaneously therewith.

The lower extremities of the arms 58 are formed with yoke members, whichare adapted to engage within angular grooves 61 formed in toothedcylinders 62, the lat ter being keyed to horizontally extending shafts63. The cylinders are free to move laterally upon the shafts 63 insynchronism with the bars 57, by means of the connecting arms 58, therotation of the shafts 63 will revolve the cylinders 62 in'unisontherewith but the rotary movement of said cylinders will not betransmitted to the arms '57.

The shafts 63 are revolved by means of a beveled gear 6 secured to oneextremity thereof, the latter meshing with a similar gear 65 mounted onthe shaft 45. It is evident that the regulated movement of the pinion atwill revolve the cylinders 62 in precise synchronism therewith, as thegears 64 and 65 and the pinion at are exactly the same in dimension.Sprocket wheels 66 are keyed to the shaft 63 and chains 67 are trainedthereover, in order that the shafts 63 may revolve simultaneously inuniform relation.

Une of the most important features of the invention resides in theconstruction and method of operation of the toothed cylinders 62, Fis21, 22, 28, and 24: of the drawings, the etails of construction of thecylinders have been clearly illustrated, and it will be noted, upon anexamination of these figures, that the cylinders have been dividedlongitudinally into ten imaginary sections, which have been designatedby the characters A, B, Q. D, E, F, G, H, l, and J. Each section isfurther divided, longitudinally, into nine sub divisions, also suitablydesi nated by the characters a, b, c, d, e, 7, 9, $1, and 2', and incross section the cylinder is further divided into nine circumferentialing ineefioi sections 1, 2, 3, at, 5, 6, 'Z, 8, and 9. Formed saidcylinders. The lugs are in width equal to the width of a articular subdivision a, b, 0, etc, and in circumference equal to the length of anyone oi the sections 1, 2, 3, etc., as Will be apparent upon anexamination of the views of the drawings, The object in placing the stoplugs 67 upon certain portions of the cylinders 62 will appear as thedescription proceeds.

The forward ends of the cylinders 62 are provided with a series of gearelements 68, particularly illustrated in Figs. 6 and 23 of the drawings,in the latter figure it will be noted that the teeth form separate orindependent gear mei'nbers 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7, and 8*, each gear beingprovided with a different number of teeth ranging from one to nine, theabove gears being adapted to mesh with gears 69 on the recordingmechanism. Mounted for vertical movement in guide brackets 70 secured.to the casing 5, are sliding finger bars 71, and the latter beingprovided with a plurality of depending finger members 7 2, which aredesignated by the characters A, B", C, D, E, F, G, H, l, and J. 'l'twill be noted that the fingers gradually decrease in length from thefinger A to the finger J, and said fingers are arranged and designed tocooperate with the stop lugs or teeth 67 of the cylinders 62 in a mannerto be set forth. The finger A cooperates with the teeth 67 of thesection A, and the finger B with the teeth of the section B, and so on.4

secured to the bars 71 and to the base 6 are springs 73 which exertsufficient tension upon the bars Y1 to force the fingers 72 thereoftoward the sto teeth 67. The bars are maintained norma 1y elevatedthrough the agency of keyed to a horizontal shaft 75, the latterextending into the compartment 8 and is provided at this point with akeyed crank arm 7 6, cooperating with the slot 77 formed in the linkmember iO. Also, formed on the finger bars 71 are rack teeth 78 whichcontrol the rotation of other recording gears 79 on the numberregistering mechanism.

In the form of registering mechanism illustrated in the drawings, whichis a preferred form at the present time, there is provided a main shaft81, upon which is mounted for rotation the gears 79 above mentioned.This gear, as stated before, is operated by the rack teeth 78 on thefingerbars i 1, positioned immediately adjacent the compartment 8 and itwill be evident that the lowerof the rack 78 will cause the rotation of.the gear 79; Rigidly secured to the gear 3 9 is a pivoted pawl 82 whichis designed ivoted elevating links 74,

to engage with a gear 83, rotatable about the shaft 81, in order thatthe gear 83 will be revolved upon the movement of the gears 79 in onedirection, a reverse movement of the latter gear permits the gear 83 toremain idle, due to the formation of the pawl 82. Intermeshing with thegear 83 is a compound gear 84:, loosely mounted on a second shaft 85,the latter gear meshing with a cog 86 secured to the numeral dial 87 ofthe unit recording column of the registering apparatus, said gear or cogbein mounted on a dial supporting shaft 88. he cog 86 is of exactlythesame size as the gears 7 9 and 83, so that an equal movement will beimparted to said numeral dial upon the rotation of the gears 79. It willnow be obvious that the lowering of the rack teeth of the fingerbaradjacent the compartment 8, will revolve the numeral dial 87 indirect proportion to the descent of said rackteeth, there by regulatingthe numeral on the dial 87 which vwill appear at the sight opening 88therefore, this mechanism being utilized only in the unit column of theregistering mechamsm. The remaining dials of the registerin mechanism,that is to say, those above an including the tens recording dials, areoperated by three different methods, firstly, by the gears 68 of thecylinders 62, secondly, by the rack teeth 78 of the finger bar 71', andthirdly, by an automatic carry over mechanism. The first operation ofthe latter dials are performed by the meshingof the gear 68 with the coggears 69, loosely journaled on stud shafts 89 extending from the casing5. The gears 69 intermesh with similar gears 90, secured tocountershafts 91, so that the latter will revolve in unison with thegears 69. The shafts 91 have secured (hereto beveled gears 92 whichengage with like gears 93 loosely journaled on a shaft 81. The gears 93are provided with extended hubs 94, about which are loosely journaledcog gears 95 and the hubs 94 have pivotally secured thereto pawl members96, which are adapted to engage with the teeth of the gears 95 when thehubs 94s are rotated in one direction, a reverse movement of the gears93 will ermit the gears 95 to remain idle.

Meshing with the gears 95 are cogs 97, the latter being loosely mountedon the shaft 85 and are formed with arms 98 which engage with pins 99 ongears 100, the latter also being loosely mounted to rotate about theshafts 85. The arms 98 are formed on the gears 97 in order that the samewill ,be driven in a single specified direction. The gears 100, whenrotated, drive ears 101 rotatably mounted on the dial she. 88, the gears101 being secured to the remaining registering dials 102 of the saidshaft 88. It will be noted that, in operation, the cylinders 62 aremoved forwardly to permit one of the gears 68 thereof to mesh with thegear 69 of the registering mechanism. When one ormore of the cylinders62 are revolved, by previously described mechanism, the gears 95 will berotated thereby operating recording dials 102 in direct proportion tothe rotary move ment of the cylinders 62. v

The gears 95. are also operated by the rack teeth 78 on the finger bars71, when the multiplicand of a problem contains two or more units. Fig.8 of the drawings has disclosed one method of transferring a number,which exceeds the number or numbers that can be registered on a singledial, over to an adj acent dial in order that the product may becorrectly given or read. For instance, for automatically registering thenumber 10 when only the dial 87 has been operated, as

the latter dial can only record a number under 10. This mechanism, inits preferred form, consists of a gear 103 connected with the compoundgears upon the shaft 85 and will be noted that the teeth of the gears103 are angularly cut or formed. The compound gears are provided withalining openings 104 to receive 7 rojecting pin members 105'on shiftingdis s 106. The compound gears are formed with projecting lugs 107 whichare adapted to contact with beveled faces 108, provided on rockinglevers 109, mounted for rocking movement upon the stud shafts 89. Itwill be noted, that when the compound gears make a complete revolutionthe projections 107 thereon will contact once with the beveled faces 108of the rocking levers 109 and partially rotate the latter about its axis89. This movement on part of the lever 109 will force the shifting disks106 and their cooperating pin members 104 into the angular grooves ofthe gears 103. This action results in rotating the nu meral dials,controlled by the compound gears, one tenth of the complete revolutionand thereby automatically registering a number containing two or moreunits, by carrying over the said number to a cooperating numeral dialwhich will necessarily have to be operated to properly register thenumber. After having described the mechanism comprising the operatingparts of the present invention, a brief description covering the actualmethod of operating the machine will be given to facilitate a clearunderstanding relative thereto. If it is desired to multiply the number69 by multiplier of 5, the product may be obtained by depressing keys 6and 9 of the multiplicand, keys 55 in the tens and units column,respectivel thereof, and then by lowering the ey 5 of the multiplier key10. The above keys will be retained in a lowered position by the lockingaction of the plates 17 and 56. The next step, in operation, is tooscillate the manually controlled lever 34, which will rotate the shaft33 and the bell-crank lever 32,

thereby operating or releasing the retarding elements 26 and 60, therebypermitting the sliding bars or carria es 22 and 57 to move forwardly, bythe in uence of the springs controlling their movement. It will be notedthat the initial movement of the lever 34 results in moving the steppedplate 40 into a proper position upon the lever 41, the movement thereofbeing regulated by the depressed key, or the multiplier keys 10. Thecylinders 62, controlled by the units and tens keys of the multiplicand,also move forwardly in conjunction with the stepped plate 40, to permitthe gears 68 to mesh with the recording gears 69. The gears 68, in thisinstance, formed on the cylinder of the units column, will be the gear 8and on the tens cylinder the gear 5. The forward movement of thecylinders is regulated by the lowered keys 6. and 9 of the multiplicand.The remainder of the cylinders 62 also move forwardly, toward theregistering mechanism, in synchronism with the units and tenscontrolling cylinders above mentioned, but

' said remaining cylinders move forwardly to such an extent that thegears 68 thereof W1llnot mesh with the gears of the registeringmechanism. This is due to the fact that none of the keys controllingtheir movements have been depressed, so as to arrest their forwardmovement to inactive positions. The movement of the controllingcylinders and their cooperating stepped plates 57 takes placeimmediately when the lever 34 is initially o erated.

The continue movement of the operating lever results in rocking thetoothed segment lever 41 a predetermined distance, regulated by thelength of contact or engagement of the stud 50 with the bell crank arm51. The movement, in this instance, is equal to the distance of fiveteeth of the rack bar 43, thereby revolving the pinion 44 five ninths ofa complete revolution, said cylinder being provided with nine radialteeth. The movement of the pinion 44 revolves the shaft 45, which, inturn, rotates the toothed cylinders 62. As above stated, when the lever34 is first operated, the units and tens controlling cylinders 62 willassume positions permitting the gears 8 and 5, respectively, to engagewith the registering mechanism, so that 'when the cylinders are revolvedby the motion imparted to the shaft 45, said gears 8 and 5 will effectthe actuation of the registerin mechanism. The units dial is operated ythe rack teeth on the unit controlling finger bar 71. The cylinders62will revolve the tens dial to record the numeral 4, as the gear 8",while moving five spaces only brings into action 4 teeth thereon withthe registering gears 69 of the registering apparatus, and the hundredsdial to register the number 3, as the gear 5, while rotating five ninthsof the revolution only brings in action three teeth. The operation abovedescribed having moved the gear 69 of the hundreds column three spaces,will indicate in the hundreds registering mechanism the numeral 3, andas the gear 69 of the tens column has moved four spaces, the lattermovement will be indicated by the numeral 4 on the tens column; thusshowing 3 in the hundreds, 4 in the tens and 0 in the units, or acombined product of 340. Thus it will be apparent that the firstoperation is to obtain the tens of each problem involved, for instance,when the problem is 9X5 the tens of 9 and 5 is obtained which is 4,likewise the tens of 6X5 will be 3. The succeeding operation discloseshow the units are obtained and automatically added to the tens, givingthe complete problem. It will be noted that the active cylinders 62 havebeen moved forwardly and their movement has been controlled by thedepressed keys of the multiplicand. The cylinder controlled by the unitskeys will be positioned for engagement with the finger bars 71 and thendirect vertical alinement with the fingers E thereof. The finger E is inalinement with the sub division E and the remaining fingers are inalinement with the other sub divisions I of each of the various sectionsA to J of the cylinders. Thus, if the multiplicand key 7 is depressed.the cylinders will move into alinement which positions the sub divisionsG of said sections A to J under the fingers of the finger bars 71. Uponrevolving the cylinders their gear elements will actuate the numberregistering apparatus as previously described, and said cylinders, afterhaving been revolved are locked against further rotary movement. Theforward movement of the lever 34,- will, in next step of operation,actuate the crank arm 76, thus lowering the elevating links 74 andpermitting the finger bars 71 to move downwardly. The lowering of thefinger bars 71 results in the engagement of the rack 78, of the unitmechanism, with a pinion 79 of the registering device and the rack '78of the remaining inactive finger bars 71 Will contact with the lugs ofthe stationary inactive cylinders. The movement of the unit controllingfinger bars 71 continues until the finger E on said bar contacts withthe offset lug 67 on the section E, sub division I, whereupon thedownward movement thereof is arrested by said lug, (see Fig. 19, lug X).

The downward movement of the finger bar results in actuating the unitdial to record the numeral 5 thereon a movement being imparted by therack 78 which moves downwardly the distance of five spaces in the unitcolumn, and this is transferred to the total already obtained throughthe operations of the registering device, above described. The rack onthe finger bar 71'of the tens controlling mechanism is prevented frommeshing lilo llU

lib

1 ,QMJ A with the pinion 95 by reason of the ele finger J formedthereon, contacting with the lug Y on sub division I, section J on thetens cylinder, which has been brought into direct alinement with thefinger J by the rotation of said cylinder five spaces. It will be notedthat there are no other lugs on said sub division of any section on saidcylinder, that are similarly ositioned with the lug 31, Fig. 19, andthere ore no other lugs on said cylinders will act as a stop to anyother finger bar. The tens dial has been previously actuated by the gear8 of the cylinders 62 so that it will have reached a position indicating4. The rack 78 of the finger bar 71 of the tens column will be unable tomove downwardly as the elongated finger J, engaging with the cylinder,efi'ectively prevents such action on part thereof. The gears 68 of thetens cylinder rotate the hundreds recording dial until the numeral 3appears at the sight opening therefor, as previously described, thus theresult recorded, in its entirety will read 345, the product of 69 by 5.

After the product has been obtained the return keys 10 are actuated topermit the mechanism controlled thereby to return to normal position.

It will be understood that the machine can be employed. in addingfigures by simply using the multiplier 1, succemively, with eachmultiplicand or line of figures.

While the registering mechanism has been shown and described as appliedto the front side'of the machine, it 15 evident that by slightlymodifying various parts of the device said recording mechanism may beplaced rearwardly of the operating keys, as it might prove to beadvantageous to place the said mechanism in the latter position.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In acalculatingmachine, the combination with multiplier and multiplicandselective mechanisms, of a plurality of controlling cylinderscooperating with said selective mechanisms, stop lugs formed atintervals upon the surfaces of said cylinders, gears carried by saidcylinders and movable in unison therewith, means controlled by saidselective mechanisms to actuate said cylinders whereby the stop lugswill be positioned at predetermined points, movable means operable uponthe actuation of a manually controlled lever, and having the extent. ofmovement thereof regulated by contacting with said stop lugs, rackscarried by said movable means, and a registering mechanism adapted to beoperated by the movements of said racks and gears.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality ofcontrolling cylinders, stop lugs and gears carried by said cylinders androtatable in unison therewith, of

means for actuating said cylinders to efi'ect predetermined operatingpositions of said lugs and gears, means cooperating with said gears toregister numerical values, and means controlled by said stop lugs tocomplete the operation of said numeral registering means.

3. In a calculating machine, the combination with a, multiplier andmultiplicand selective mechanisms, of a plurality of controllingcylinders having stop lugs formed at intervals upon the peripherythereof, a plurality of gears operable to be rotated by the movements ofsaid cylinders, means controlled by said selective mechanisms to actuatesaid cylinders whereby the gears and stop lugs will be rotatedpredetermined degrees, a number registering mechanism operable upon therotation of said gears, and movable means cooperating with said steplugs to further effect the actuation of said registering mechanism.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality ofrotatable controlling cylinders, said cylinders being divided into tenlongitudinal divisions, said divisions being further divided into ninesubdivisions, stop lugs formed at predetermined intervals upon theperipheries of said sub-divisions, of elght gear elements, carried byeach of said cylinders, said elements having from one to eight teethupon each cylinder, of multiplier and multiplicand selective mechanisms.means controlled by said selective mecha nisms to adjust the stop lugsand gears carried by said cylinders to predetermined positions, aregistering mechanism operable upon the rotation of said gear elements,and movable rack bars having the movement thereof limited by contactingwith said stop lugs, said rack bars being operable to further actuatethe registering mechanism.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination with a series of rotatablymounted cylinders, of multiplicand and multiplier selective mechanismscooperating with said cylinders, cylinder operating mechanism operablesu-bsequent to the actuation of the selective mechanisms in order togovern the rotation of said cylinders, a registering mechanism operableupon the rotation of one or more of said cylinders, and rack mechanismhaving the movement thereof governed by said cylinders to complete theoperation of the. registering mechanism.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination with numeral selectivemechanisms, of a series of controlling cylinders cooperating with saidselective mechanism, of cylinder operating means operable subsequent tothe actuation of the selective mechanism, stop lugs and graduated gearelements movable with said cylinders, and adapted to be revolved andshifted upon the actuation of the cylinder operating means, aregistering mechanism adapted to be-initially actuated by the gearelements, and vertically movable rack bars, adapted to complete theactuation of the registering mechanism and having the downwardregistering movement thereof regulated by the position of the stop lugs.

7. In a calculating machine, the combination with multiplier andmultiplicand selective mechanisms, of a pluralit of controllingcylinders cooperating wit said selective mechanisms, stop lugs andgraduated gear elements formed at intervals upon the surfaces of saidcylinders, cylinder operating means releasable after the actuation ofthe selective mechanisms in order to rotate said cylinders, shiftingdevices actuated by selective mechanism to laterally position saidcylinders with respect to their normal position, a registering mechanismoperable upon the rotation of said gear elements, Vertically movablefinger bars having the movement thereof controlled by the positions ofsaid stop lugs and toothed rack elements carried by said finger bars inorder to further efiect the actuation of the registering mechanism.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination with a multiplier selectivemechanism, comprising resilient numeral indicater keys, locking meansfor retaining said keys in lowered positions, a slidable stepped baradapted to have the movement thereof arrested by engaging with adepresed key, each of said keys permitting said bar to slide atdifferent distance, a notched plate movable in unison with said slidingbar, an oscillating tooth segment operable with said plate, a leveradapted to contact with the plate in order to depress the same, wherebyvarious degrees of movement will be imparted to the segment, a shaftcarried pinion meshing with said segment, whereby the movement of thelatter will be transmitted in a regulated manner to a shaft keyed tosaid pinion, means for imparting synchronous motion from said shaft to aplurality of cylindercarrying shafts, controlling cylinders rotatablewith said latter shafts, stop lugs and graduated gear elements formed atintervals upon the surfaces of said cylinders, whereby the actuation ofthe multiplier mechanism will effect different operative positions ofsaid lugs and gear elements,.a number registering mechanism adapted tobe initially op erated by engaging with one of said gear elements ofeach cylinder, a multiplicand selective mechanism, including verticallymovable finger bars adapted to have the lowering movement thereofarrested at predeter- 49. In a calculating machine, the combina-.

tion with a plurality of controlling cylinders, stop projections andgear elements car ried by said cylinders and rotatable 1n unisontherewith, of means for actuating said cylinders to effect differentoperating positions of said projections and gears, a registeringmechanism vertically movable, means cooperating with the projections ofthe cylinder to actuate said registering mechanism, and rack mechanismoperable after the rotation of said gears to complete the actuation ofthe registering mechanism.

10. In a calculating machine, comprising, in combination, a plurality ofrotatable controlling cylinders, stop lugs projecting at intervals fromthe surfaces of said cylinders, multiplicand and multiplier selectivemechanisms, a product registering mechanism cooperating with theselective mechanisms, releasing means forming a part of the selectivemechanisms to move one or more of said cylinders to predeterminedlongitudinal points, whereby certain of said lugs forming gear elementswill move from inoperative to operative positions, a registeringmechanism adapted to mesh with said gear elements when the latter are.inan operative position, means adapted upon the actuation of themultiplier selective mechanism to revolve said cylinders predetermineddegrees from their normal positions, in' order to effect the operationof thewregistering mechanism and to adjust the positions of said stoplugs,

finger bars operable subsequent to the actuation of the multiplicandselective mechanism and adapted to engage with certain of the stop lugs,whereby the lowering movement of the finger bars will be arrested, andrack elements movable in uinson with the finger .bars and adapted tofurther actuate the registering mechanism, and the rotation of saldcylinders being limited to not more than a complete revolution.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

PHILIP L. SOBEL.

